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POLLUTION

problem/solution

Pollution Problem 4 01

The world's rivers are so badly affected by human activity that the water security of almost 5 billion people, and the survival of thousands of aquatic species, are threatened.

[86] Vörösmarty, C. J. et al. 2010

Pollution Cause 3 01

“2 million tonnes of sewage and agricultural waste is put into the world’s waterways every day, more than 80% of this wastewater is untreated”

[87] United Nations Environment Programme, 2010

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Reactive nitrogen pollution has been identified as the single greatest cause of environmental pollution, creating lifeless waterways, toxic tides and hundreds of permanent ocean dead zones.

[88] Sutton, M. A. et al. 2013

“Agricultural activities in the United States, primarily row crop and livestock production, account for over 80% of all nitrogen added to the environment.”

[89] Puckett, L. J. 1994

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“Three quarters of contemporary global crop production (expressed in protein and including fodder crops and bioenergy by-products) is allocated to livestock.”

[90] Lassaletta, L. et al. 2016

THE SOLUTION
Back to the problem

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“The largest challenges are to manage nitrogen better in agriculture and to moderate Europeans’ consumption of animal protein. Amazingly, livestock consume around 85% of the 14 million tonnes of nitrogen in crops harvested or imported into the EU; only 15% is used to feed humans directly. European nitrogen use is therefore not primarily an issue of food security, but one of luxury consumption.”

[91] Sutton, M. A. et al. 2011

“(in the demitarian) scenario ... river waters in most areas return to a status without eutrophication.”

(demitarian means halving meat consumption)

[92] Desmit, X. et al. 2018

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